Seismic Challenges In Nepal

Nepal lies in the central part of the geologically young Hindu-Kush-Himalaya region, which is the result of the collision between the Indian and Eurasian tectonic plates. This region is known for its high seismic activity, making it one of the most seismic-prone zones. The primary cause of frequent earthquakes in Nepal is the subduction of the Indian plate below the Eurasian plate, which links up converging forces along the plate boundary and results in regular earthquakes. Avouac (2003) mentioned that the subduction of the Indian continent beneath the Tibetan Plate occurs at a rate of approximately 20 mm per year. Hubbard et al. (2016) noted the geological features in Nepal, such as faults and thrusts, trigger earthquakes.