Nepal’s Path to a Sustainable Energy Future

Nepal’s energy landscape is predominantly clean, with over 98% of its electricity generated from hydropower, making it one of the few countries with a near-entirely renewable energy mix. Per capita electricity consumption, however, remains among the lowest in South Asia at just 400 units or kWh, compared to India’s 1,255 kWh, Bangladesh’s 497 kWh, Sri Lanka’s 631 kWh, and Bhutan’s 5,500 kWh. Despite the slow progress, energy access in Nepal has expanded, with electricity coverage in the country reaching 99% through on- and off-grid renewable energy. Nepal’s community-led micro-hydropower projects have also contributed significantly. There are over 11,300 registered micro-projects, ranging from 32 kW to 345 kW, serving around 35,000 rural households and transforming lives.