None of the above

Citizens should get to show they prefer a non-existent entity to a politician that betrays them.

If universal adult franchise allows citizens to choose who they want to be governed by, it should also provide them with an option to show that they would rather not choose anyone from among the candidates that are presented to them. As individuals with the agency to decide what is good for them, they deserve an option to express their disenchantment with the way political parties and politicians function. The Supreme Court considered this factor when, in 2014, it passed a ruling in favour of voters who would want to reject all the candidates if they did not want to vote for anyone. The top court had asked the government and the Election Commission to ensure a negative voting provision for voters who felt that the candidates in the fray did not represent them. The idea was that, rather than meekly choose from whatever options they are provided with, the voters get to exercise a certain amount of agency as they get to show that they would rather vote for a non-existent entity than a politician that betrays them time and again.