Policy Dilemma In  Agriculture Sector

The transformation of agriculture has been the most discussed issue in Nepal, marked by notable shifts in the dynamics of factors of production, including land, labour, and capital markets. The predominant goals of agricultural policies have consistently centred on modernization, commercialization, and mechanisation, aiming to propel the sector into a more contemporary and efficient state. The government's policy also envisions enhancing productivity, improving crops through breeding, ensuring input availability, and providing market assurance. In the course of modernization, issues such as germplasm maintenance, ecological agriculture, conservation of landraces, high-value crop plantation, and climate-smart agriculture are also gaining importance. Political concern has also increased regarding the growing trend of food imports. The once self-sufficient country in major staple foods is now becoming a net importer.